Web frameworks

Required

• Use Zod or Pydantic to check every input

  Required Open source

  Parse every request body, query string, webhook and file at the boundary with a schema library, Zod in TypeScript or Pydantic in Python.

Recommended

• Use React for the front end

  Recommended Open source

  Build interactive screens with React, on a version that has been out for at least six months.

• Use Vite to build and serve the front end

  Recommended Open source

  Use Vite as the development server and build tool for any front end that is not inside a full-stack framework.

• Use Next.js when React pages need a server

  Recommended Open source

  Use Next.js when a React app needs pages rendered on the server, search engine traffic or server code next to the screens.

• Use Express for a Node.js server

  Recommended Open source

  Use Express 5 for HTTP servers and APIs in Node.js.

• Use Django for a Python web app

  Recommended Open source

  Use Django for a Python web app with a database, user accounts and an admin, on its current long-term support release.

• Use plain CSS before adding a CSS framework

  Recommended Open source

  Write styles in plain CSS files with custom properties, and add a utility framework only when the team already writes it.

Optional

• Use FastAPI for a Python API

  Optional Open source

  Use FastAPI for a Python service that only answers JSON, and pin its minor version.

Avoid

• Avoid Create React App

  Avoid

  Do not start or keep an app on Create React App, the react-scripts package.

• Avoid AngularJS

  Avoid

  Do not build on AngularJS, the 1.x framework in the angular package. Its successor, Angular, is a different framework.